Reaching age 60 without certain major chronic diseases is often associated with a better chance of living a longer, healthier life, but it does not guarantee reaching 100. Genetics, lifestyle, environment, access to healthcare, and many other factors also play important roles.
The five diseases often highlighted in longevity discussions are:
- Heart disease
- A leading cause of death worldwide. Protecting heart health through exercise, healthy eating, controlling blood pressure and cholesterol, and avoiding smoking can reduce risk.
- Stroke
- Closely linked to blood pressure, blood vessel health, diabetes, and lifestyle factors.
- Cancer
- Risk increases with age, but avoiding tobacco, maintaining a healthy weight, staying active, and getting recommended screenings can help lower risk.
- Type 2 diabetes
- Can affect blood vessels, nerves, kidneys, eyes, and the heart. Healthy weight, physical activity, and balanced nutrition are important prevention tools.
- Dementia (including Alzheimer’s disease)
- Risk is influenced by age, genetics, cardiovascular health, and lifestyle factors. Keeping the brain and body active may support cognitive health.
People who reach older ages without major chronic disease are sometimes called “healthy agers” or “super-agers” when they maintain unusually good physical and cognitive function.
Helpful habits linked with healthier aging include:
- Regular physical activity (especially strength and balance training)
- A diet rich in vegetables, fruits, legumes, whole grains, and adequate protein
