Constant mucus or phlegm in the throat is usually a symptom, not a disease itself. The cause can often be narrowed down by looking at what accompanies it.
Common causes
Postnasal drip — allergies, a cold, sinus problems, dust, smoke, or nasal irritation can cause mucus to drain down the back of the throat. This often causes throat-clearing, coughing, or a “lump” sensation.
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Acid or “silent” reflux — stomach contents can reach the throat without classic heartburn. It can cause excessive mucus, throat clearing, hoarseness, cough, or a sensation that something is stuck.
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Allergies — pollen, dust mites, mold and pets can stimulate excess mucus production.
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Smoking or air pollution — smoke and other irritants can inflame the airways and increase mucus.
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Asthma or another respiratory condition — particularly if the mucus comes with coughing, wheezing or shortness of breath.
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What you can try
Drink enough water to keep mucus thinner.
Try a saline nasal spray or rinse if you have congestion or postnasal drip.
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Reduce exposure to smoke, dust and other irritants.
If reflux seems likely, avoid eating for about 3 hours before bedtime and consider raising your upper body while sleeping.
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Avoid repeatedly forcefully clearing your throat—it can further irritate the throat and perpetuate the cycle.
When to get checked
See a healthcare professional if the problem persists for more than a few weeks, or you have difficulty swallowing, persistent hoarseness, unexplained weight loss, fever, night sweats, shortness of breath, or blood in the mucus.
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One important point: yellow or green mucus doesn’t automatically mean you need antibiotics; mucus color alone isn’t enough to diagnose a bacterial infection.
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