What could be causing them?
Hard, bony enlargements called Heberden’s nodes form at the last finger joints, closest to the nails. They can develop gradually in several fingers as cartilage and the surrounding bone change with age. They may be painless or ache and become stiff.
These are small, firm or fluid-filled bumps near the nail joint, often associated with osteoarthritis. They can sometimes cause ridges or grooves in the nail.
Rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory conditions can cause swelling, pain and stiffness. Rheumatoid arthritis more often affects the middle finger joints and knuckles, while some other types can affect the joints near the nails.
Why might the bumps be spreading?
If new bumps are appearing on more fingers over months or years, osteoarthritis is one possibility. Age-related joint changes can affect several fingers progressively. However, rapidly appearing bumps, redness, warmth or significant pain could indicate a different problem that needs assessment.
A clinician should examine her hands, particularly if the bumps are new or increasing in number. In the meantime, don’t squeeze, puncture or try to shave them down.
Can I ask you three quick questions?
These details will help me narrow down what is most likely for your grandma.
2. Do they hurt?
3. How quickly are they spreading?
Are they on one hand or both?
Help narrow it down
If you can also share a clear photo of her fingers, that may help me explain which possibilities fit best. A photo cannot confirm the diagnosis, but it can be a useful starting point.
If a finger joint is suddenly very red, hot and swollen, especially with fever, seek urgent medical care.
