Medications That Can Increase Cardiovascular Risk in Older Adults
Some medicines can increase the risk of heart attack, stroke, or other cardiovascular problems, particularly in people who already have cardiovascular risk factors. But it would be misleading to say that five specific medications are universally dangerous for everyone over a certain age.
For example:
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Non-aspirin NSAIDs — Medicines such as ibuprofen, naproxen, diclofenac, and similar anti-inflammatory painkillers can increase the risk of heart attack and stroke. The risk can occur relatively early and tends to increase with higher doses and longer use. FDA Access Data+1
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Certain JAK inhibitors — Tofacitinib, baricitinib, and upadacitinib carry FDA warnings about serious cardiovascular events, including heart attack and stroke. Risk is particularly important to consider in people with cardiovascular risk factors. U.S. Food and Drug Administration+1
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Some decongestants and combination cold medicines — Certain products can raise blood pressure or heart rate, which may be concerning for people with cardiovascular disease. Always check the active ingredients rather than assuming an OTC product is harmless.
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Some hormone-containing medicines — Certain estrogen-containing treatments can increase the risk of blood clots and stroke in particular populations. The actual risk depends on the formulation, dose, age, and individual medical history.
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Aspirin when used without medical guidance — This is an important exception to the headline. Aspirin can reduce the risk of heart attack and clot-related stroke in people with established cardiovascular disease, but it can also cause serious bleeding, including bleeding in the brain. Whether an older adult should take it depends on the individual’s circumstances. U.S. Food and Drug Administration+1
Don’t stop prescribed medication on your own
Older adults are more susceptible to medication interactions and adverse effects because aging can change how the kidneys and liver process medicines. U.S. Food and Drug Administration+1
If you’re taking one of these medicines, don’t abruptly stop a prescribed treatment. Instead, ask your doctor or pharmacist whether the dose, duration, or alternative treatment should be reconsidered.
And if someone taking a medication develops chest pressure, severe shortness of breath, sudden weakness or numbness on one side, facial drooping, or sudden difficulty speaking, seek emergency medical care immediately. U.S. Food and Drug Administration
