Why Do We Get Cramps at Night?
Nighttime leg cramps are sudden, painful muscle contractions, usually affecting the calves, feet, or thighs. They become more common with age, but in many cases there is no single identifiable cause.
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Common contributors include:
Muscle fatigue or overuse, especially after unusual exercise.
Dehydration, particularly after sweating or inadequate fluid intake.
Long periods of sitting or standing.
Certain medicines, including some diuretics and cholesterol-lowering medicines.
Nerve or circulation problems.
Conditions such as diabetes, kidney disease, thyroid disorders, or peripheral artery disease.
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Mayo Clinic
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What to do when a cramp strikes
For a calf cramp, gently straighten your leg and pull your toes toward your face. Massage the muscle and, if safe, stand up and put weight on the affected leg. These measures can help relax the muscle.
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How to reduce nighttime cramps
Drink adequate fluids during the day.
Gently stretch your calves before bed.
Stay physically active without suddenly increasing exercise intensity.
Limit excessive alcohol and caffeine.
Review your medications with your doctor if cramps began after starting or changing a medicine.
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Mayo Clinic
Don’t automatically assume you need magnesium or potassium. Mineral deficiency is only one possible cause, and supplements can be inappropriate or dangerous for some people.
See a healthcare professional if cramps are frequent enough to disturb your sleep, last more than about 10 minutes, or occur with swelling, numbness, weakness, or persistent pain.
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Bottom line: Night cramps are common and often harmless, but recurrent cramps can sometimes be a clue to a medication effect or an underlying health problem.
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